The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
Whenever the opinion of any living person is relevant, the grounds on which such opinion is based are also relevant.
Illustration. An expert may give an account of experiments performed by him for the purpose of forming his opinion.
IEA §51 → BSA §45 per the official NCRB Sankalan table.
Source & version
Official text: Gazette of India via MHA (official) ↗
Official Gazette text: The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (47 of 2023), English PDF as hosted by Ministry of Home Affairs (mha.gov.in, file 250882_english_01042024_0.pdf). Extracted via pdftotext 26.07 -bbox and @nexlex/ingest gazette-bbox parser on 2026-07-14. Automated parse; structural validation + spot verification; full clause-level proofread pending.
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