The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
BNS · 2023
Ch. I · PRELIMINARY
Ch. II · OF PUNISHMENTS
- §4Punishments
- §5Commutation of sentence
- §6Fractions of terms of punishment
- §7Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple
- §8Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc
- §9Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences
- §10Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which
- §11Solitary confinement
- §12Limit of solitary confinement
- §13Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction
Ch. III · GENERAL EXCEPTIONS
- §14Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
- §15Act of Judge when acting judicially
- §16Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court
- §17Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
- §18Accident in doing a lawful act
- §19Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
- §20Act of a child under seven years of age
- §21Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding
- §22Act of a person of unsound mind
- §23Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will
- §24Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated
- §25Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent
- §26Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit
- §27Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian
- §28Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
- §29Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused
- §30Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent
- §31Communication made in good faith
- §32Act to which a person is compelled by threats
- §33Act causing slight harm
- §34Things done in private defence
- §35Right of private defence of body and of property
- §36Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc
- §37Acts against which there is no right of private defence
- §38When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
- §39When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
- §40Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body
- §41When right of private defence of property extends to causing death
- §42When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
- §43Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
- §44Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person
Ch. IV · OF ABETMENT, CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY AND ATTEMPT
- §45Abetment of a thing
- §46Abettor
- §47Abetment in India of offences outside India
- §48Abetment outside India for offence in India
- §49Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
- §50Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
- §51Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
- §52Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
- §53Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor
- §54Abettor present when offence is committed
- §55Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
- §56Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
- §57Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons
- §58Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
- §59Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
- §60Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment
- §61Criminal conspiracy
- §62Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
Ch. V · OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMAN AND CHILD
- §63Rape
- §64Punishment for rape
- §65Punishment for rape in certain cases
- §66Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim
- §67Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation
- §68Sexual intercourse by a person in authority
- §69Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc
- §70Gang rape
- §71Punishment for repeat offenders
- §72Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc
- §73Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission
- §74Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty
- §75Sexual harassment
- §76Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
- §77Voyeurism
- §78Stalking
- §79Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman
- §80Dowry death
- §81Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage
- §82Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife
- §83Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage
- §84Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman
- §85Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty
- §86Cruelty defined
- §87Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc
- §88Causing miscarriage
- §89Causing miscarriage without woman's consent
- §90Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage
- §91Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth
- §92Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide
- §93Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
- §94Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body
- §95Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence
- §96Procuration of child
- §97Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person
- §98Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc
- §99Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc
Ch. VI · OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE HUMAN BODY
- §100Culpable homicide
- §101Murder
- §102Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended
- §103Punishment for murder
- §104Punishment for murder by life-convict
- §105Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder
- §106Causing death by negligence
- §107Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind
- §108Abetment of suicide
- §109Attempt to murder
- §110Attempt to commit culpable homicide
- §111Organised crime
- §112Petty organised crime
- §113Terrorist act
- §114Hurt
- §115Voluntarily causing hurt
- §116Grievous hurt
- §117Voluntarily causing grievous hurt
- §118Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means
- §119Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act
- §120Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
- §121Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty
- §122Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation
- §123Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence
- §124Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc
- §125Act endangering life or personal safety of others
- §126Wrongful restraint
- §127Wrongful confinement
- §128Force
- §129Criminal force
- §130Assault
- §131Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation
- §132Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty
- §133Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation
- §134Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person
- §135Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person
- §136Assault or criminal force on grave provocation
- §137Kidnapping
- §138Abduction
- §139Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging
- §140Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc
- §141Importation of girl or boy from foreign country
- §142Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person
- §143Trafficking of person
- §144Exploitation of a trafficked person
- §145Habitual dealing in slaves
- §146Unlawful compulsory labour
Ch. VII · OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE
- §147Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India
- §148Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147
- §149Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India
- §150Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war
- §151Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power
- §152Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
- §153Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India
- §154Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India
- §155Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154
- §156Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape
- §157Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape
- §158Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner
Ch. VIII · OF OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE
- §159Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty
- §160Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof
- §161Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office
- §162Abetment of such assault, if assault committed
- §163Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman
- §164Harbouring deserter
- §165Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master
- §166Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman
- §167Persons subject to certain Acts
- §168Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman
Ch. IX · OF OFFENCES RELATING TO ELECTIONS
- §169Candidate, electoral right defined
- §170Bribery
- §171Undue influence at elections
- §172Personation at elections
- §173Punishment for bribery
- §174Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election
- §175False statement in connection with an election
- §176Illegal payments in connection with an election
- §177Failure to keep election accounts
Ch. X · OF OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN, CURRENCY-NOTES, BANK-NOTES, AND GOVERNMENT STAMPS
- §178Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
- §179Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
- §180Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
- §181Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
- §182Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
- §183Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
- §184Using Government stamp known to have been before used
- §185Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
- §186Prohibition of fictitious stamps
- §187Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
- §188Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint
Ch. XI · OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY
- §189Unlawful assembly
- §190Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object
- §191Rioting
- §192Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed
- §193Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place
- §194Affray
- §195Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc
- §196Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony
- §197Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration
Ch. XII · OF OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS
- §198Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person
- §199Public servant disobeying direction under law
- §200Punishment for non- treatment of victim
- §201Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury
- §202Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade
- §203Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property
- §204Personating a public servant
- §205Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent
Ch. XIII · OF CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS
- §206Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding
- §207Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof
- §208Non- attendance in obedience to an order from public servant
- §209Non- appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
- §210Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it
- §211Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
- §212Furnishing false information
- §213Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it
- §214Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question
- §215Refusing to sign statement
- §216False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation
- §217False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person
- §218Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant
- §219Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant
- §220Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant
- §221Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions
- §222Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance
- §223Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant
- §224Threat of injury to public servant
- §225Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
- §226Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power
Ch. XIV · OF FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE
- §227Giving false evidence
- §228Fabricating false evidence
- §229Punishment for false evidence
- §230Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence
- §231Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
- §232Threatening any person to give false evidence
- §233Using evidence known to be false
- §234Issuing or signing false certificate
- §235Using as true a certificate known to be false
- §236False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence
- §237Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false
- §238Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender
- §239Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform
- §240Giving false information respecting an offence committed
- §241Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence
- §242False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution
- §243Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
- §244Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
- §245Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due
- §246Dishonestly making false claim in Court
- §247Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due
- §248False charge of offence made with intent to injure
- §249Harbouring offender
- §250Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment
- §251Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender
- §252Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc
- §253Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered
- §254Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits
- §255Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
- §256Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
- §257Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law
- §258Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law
- §259Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend
- §260Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed
- §261Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant
- §262Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension
- §263Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person
- §264Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for
- §265Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for
- §266Violation of condition of remission of punishment
- §267Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding
- §268Personation of assessor
- §269Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court
Ch. XV · OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS
- §270Public nuisance
- §271Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
- §272M alignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
- §273Disobedience to quarantine rule
- §274Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale
- §275Sale of noxious food or drink
- §276Adulteration of drugs
- §277Sale of adulterated drugs
- §278Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation
- §279Fouling water of public spring or reservoir
- §280Making atmosphere noxious to health
- §281Rash driving or riding on a public way
- §282Rash navigation of vessel
- §283Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy
- §284Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel
- §285Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation
- §286Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
- §287Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter
- §288Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance
- §289Negligent conduct with respect to machinery
- §290Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc
- §291Negligent conduct with respect to animal
- §292Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for
- §293Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue
- §294Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc
- §295Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child
- §296Obscene acts and songs
- §297Keeping lottery office
Ch. XVI · OF OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION
- §298Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class
- §299Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs
- §300Disturbing religious assembly
- §301Trespassing on burial places, etc
- §302Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person
Ch. XVII · OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY
- §303Theft
- §304Snatching
- §305Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc
- §306Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master
- §307Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft
- §308Extortion
- §309Robbery
- §310Dacoity
- §311Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt
- §312Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon
- §313Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc
- §314Dishonest misappropriation of property
- §315Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death
- §316Criminal breach of trust
- §317Stolen property
- §318Cheating
- §319Cheating by personation
- §320Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
- §321Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
- §322Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration
- §323Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property
- §324Mischief
- §325Mischief by killing or maiming animal
- §326Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc
- §327Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden
- §328Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc
- §329Criminal trespass and house-trespass
- §330House-trespass and house- breaking
- §331Punishment for house-trespass or house- breaking
- §332House-trespass in order to commit offence
- §333House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint
- §334Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property
Ch. XVIII · OF OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS AND TO PROPERTY MARKS
- §335Making a false document
- §336Forgery
- §337Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc
- §338Forgery of valuable security, will, etc
- §339Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine
- §340Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine
- §341Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338
- §342Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material
- §343Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security
- §344Falsification of accounts
- §345Property mark
- §346Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury
- §347Counterfeiting a property mark
- §348Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark
- §349Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark
- §350Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods
Ch. XIX · OF CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT, ANNOYANCE, DEFAMATION, ETC.
- §351Criminal intimidation
- §352Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
- §353Statements conducing to public mischief
- §354Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
- §355Misconduct in public by a drunken person
- §356Defamation
- §357Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person