Vidhara

The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996

§7Arbitration agreement

(1) In this Part, “arbitration agreement” means an agreement by the parties to submit to arbitration all or certain disputes which have arisen or which may arise between them in respect of a defined legal relationship, whether contractual or not. (2) An arbitration agreement may be in the form of an arbitration clause in a contract or in the form of a separate agreement. (3) An arbitration agreement shall be in writing. (4) An arbitration agreement is in writing if it is contained in— (a) a document signed by the parties; (b) an exchange of letters, telex, telegrams or other means of telecommunication [including communication through electronic means] which provide a record of the agreement; or (c) an exchange of statements of claim and defence in which the existence of the agreement is alleged by one party and not denied by the other. (5) The reference in a contract to a document containing an arbitration clause constitutes an arbitration agreement if the contract is in writing and the reference is such as to make that arbitration clause part of the contract.

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Source & version

Official text: India Code (official)

Official India Code text: The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (26 of 1996), English PDF (bitstream 123456789/1978/1/a199626.pdf, 690,365 bytes, sha256 a3b936d5…) fetched directly from indiacode.nic.in (Akamai edge, DNS via dns.google) on 2026-07-30. The same handle also carries a Hindi edition (h199626.pdf) — the English 'a'-prefixed file is the one ingested. Extracted via pdftotext 26.07 -bbox and @nexlex/ingest inline parser. Automated parse; footnotes/amendment history and the Schedules (First–Seventh, incl. the New York and Geneva Convention texts) excluded; spot-verified; full clause-level proofread pending.

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